Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) technology has been applied for more than 20 years to develop sensors exhibiting unique capabilities with limited ageing effects resulting in long term stability properties. During the 90s, they have proved their capability to be wirelessly operated without any on-board power supply. In parallel, the long term development of advanced material, particularly in Russia, has yielded a new class of material, namely Langasite and its variant forms, that can be substituted to quartz and lithium niobate particularly when operating at high temperature. Our project will demonstrate wireless SAW sensors operating in an unprecedented temperature range. This sets extreme challenges to all parts of the sensor system since the developed wireless system will be suitable to operate in harsh environments. The great progress brought by the project takes advantage of a consortium involving complementary major academics and industrial actors of SAW-sensor-based systems capable to successfully face the challenges of implementing a whole system allowing for physical metrology in harsh conditions. Substantial improvements will be provided for sensing physical parameters in a wide temperature range (-20°C to +650°C), in monitoring a nano-based production process and other applications. Significant knowledge will be generated in nano-sciences and nano-technologies linked to SAW physical sensors and materials for industrial applications. Demonstration of the system will be achieved at an industrial level for monitoring physical parameters under high pressures and high temperatures. The SAWHOT project consortium is set up on the basis of a bilateral Russian-European partnership generating a unique workforce cooperating within the FP7 framework to address this challenge. Finally, this project will bring on sustainable high-tech socio economic prospects : new markets and standards, improved cooperation between EU and Russian organizations.