"Recognizing that in ageing societies many parents are also children, even grandchildren, in a multi-generational structure, the project has generational interdependencies in families as its unifying theme. Interdependencies exist when family members are emotionally, financially, practically, and morally reliant on and responsible to each other. The project’s main objective is to unravel the ways in which policy, economic, and cultural contexts structure intergenerational dependencies in families and their life outcomes. Sub-project 1: Transcending space starts from the premise that new insights can be gained from acknowledging the distinction between family and household. It focuses on the ways in which different kinds of intergenerational transfers (emotional, practical, financial) are affected by proximity versus distance. Sub-project 2: Drivers of family behaviour starts from the premise that new insights can be gained from comparing and contrasting different theoretical models underlying generational interdependence. It aims to find out whether family members help each other for different reasons, depending on where they live. Sub-project 3: Back-up functions starts from the premise that new insights can be gained from taking a multigenerational view of family ties, across life phases. It examines the necessity of family members to provide money, practical help, care, and lodging to the young and the old, given limited public safety nets. Sub-project 4: Rethinking men in families starts from the premise that insights can be gained from a more balanced treatment of men and women across topics in the research literature on families. It focuses on men with limited generational interdependencies and men in multigenerational families. The Generations and Gender Surveys (GGS) are the primary source of data. Given the absence of a survey on the family ties of migrants from CEE countries, a new survey will be carried out among Polish migrants to the Netherlands."