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Energy recovery system from landfill waste as a contribution to the fight against climate change (CLIM-WASTENER)
Start date: Jan 1, 2010, End date: Dec 31, 2013 PROJECT FINISHED

Background In the European Union, 1.8 billion tonnes of waste is disposed of each year, amounting to some 3.5 tonnes of solid waste per person. A significant proportion of that waste is landfilled. The landfilling of waste leads to the release of greenhouse gas emissions. In fact, under anaerobic conditions, the waste continues to degrade, producing landfill gas, which is made up roughly of 50% methane and 50% carbon dioxide. A number of landfills are already valorising, or putting a price on, the biogas that emanates from waste. However, not only are valorising systems (usually piston-engine powered electricity production systems) unnecessarily generating greenhouse gas emissions, but they are also under-using the energy potential of landfills because they are unable to use the waste heat produced during the valorisation process. By doing so, these systems only reach a global electrical efficiency of 30%, generating lost waste heat. Objectives The objective of this project is to demonstrate the benefits that can be obtained in terms of maximising energy efficiency of biogas valorisation systems. The project will install a pilot system integrating a gas turbine and an organic vapour turbine. The integration of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) allows the valorisation of formerly wasted heat generated by a gas turbine system. The proposed combined cycle will increase the electrical efficiency of state-of-the-art technologies by some 10%, leading to a global electrical efficiency of 40%. The ultimate objective of the project is to use this new combined cycle system more widely elsewhere, initially in similar conditions but then expanding it to other conditions on multiple industrial sites. Expected results: The combination of microturbines and ORC will allow a 100% reduction of methane emissions and a 100% transformation of methane emissions into CO2 emissions. Methane has a greenhouse effect 21 times higher than CO2. Furthermore, the combination of Microturbine + ORC can generate 240kW for 8 000h which represents 1 920 MWh/yr, saving 400 tonnes/yr of CO2. Thus 1 200 tonnes of CO2 will be saved over the duration of the project.