Science and mathematics education is important for Europe. Creativity and innovation are equally recognised as important, and their strengthening in and through education as a vital priority. Importantly, also, creativity holds a strong position in early childhood. The Creative Little Scientists project constitutes a timely contribution to a better understanding, at the European level, of the potential available on the common ground that science and mathematics education in pre-school and early primary school can share with creativity. It provides a clear picture of existing and possible practices, as well as their implications and the related opportunities and challenges. Based on this, the project proposes guidelines, curricula and exemplary materials for relevant teacher training in the various European contexts. The research findings and outcomes are carefully disseminated, in easy to use formats, to all stakeholders at the European level. To achieve these, the Creative Little Scientists project brings together a consortium comprising expertise of the highest level and quality in the areas of science and mathematics education in early childhood, creativity in education, cognitive psychology, comparative educational studies, and teacher training. This consortium carries out research in a sample of nine European countries (Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Malta, Portugal, Romania, and the UK) which have been selected to represent a wide spectrum of educational, economic, social and cultural contexts. In this way, the consortium will be able to extrapolate and exploit the findings from the nine sample countries, at the European level.