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The oomycete family contains some of the world’s most destructive fish pathogens. In Europe alone, these microorganisms collectively account for multimillion-Euro losses annually in the fish farming industry. Saprolegnia parasitica in particular is a major problem in the aquaculture industry where it has been estimated that 10% of all hatched salmon and eggs succumb to Saprolegniosis. Until 2002, ...

Ever since the insightful suggestion of John von Neumann, self-reproducing automata are considered to be a main long-term goal of IT. Biologists are dealing with such systems that arose in the course of evolution by natural selection. The future realization of technological artefacts that will mimic, or be inspired by biological automata, will face many problems that biological evolution had to so ...