Life long learning and vocational training are the most important indicators for innovation and development processes and thus the job motor in the European economy. Differing from numerous other projects TTrainSME focuses on the specific situation in Small and Micro Enterprises. While in larger enterprises professional human resources development (HRD) is state of the art, there is a lack in personnel development in most small and micro enterprises. Recent studies, the lessons learned during the implementation of TrainSME and experiences of the project partners show that the reasons for this dilemma are manifold, e.g. (1) Training needs are investigated insufficiently; (2) No or few resources for active HRD and a lack of strategic planning for HRD; (3) Detected training deficiencies are often neglected and (4) Frustration about the standard training packages which are available on the market.The TTrainSME project aims at improving the vocational training situation in small and micro enterprises by providing innovative and adoptable tools for the assessment of training needs and guidelines for the implementation of vocational training programmes. Thereby TTrainSME raises awareness about the chances and challenges throughout vocational training. Several tools and guidelines have been developed and successfully tested in AT, BG, CZ, FI, DE, EL and HU in the previous LdV Pilot Project TrainSME which was promoted by the Austrian Research Institute MERIG. These innovative tools and guidelines shall be adapted, modified and updated to reach a wider target group and shall be transferred. The strategic aim of the project in the medium term is the improvement of the innovation potential of small and micro enterprises, which is a key factor of success and important to survive in the globalised economy.The result of the transfer of innovation project TTrainSME will be needs assessment tools, personnel development tools and guidelines for the establishment of needs oriented vocational trainings. These tools will consider specific needs of SME in additional countries, namely Turkey, Slovakia, Italy and Latvia and will be provided in the respective partner languages.The following list of the steps of the project implementation shows the main interim and final results of the project (more details about the results are described in the respective sections): (1) Detailed needs analysis ; (2) Elaboration of guidelines and tools; (3) Testing, evaluation and validation of the new tools and (4) Final tools and guidelines.Short initial comment concerning transfer of innovation and the borderlines between the project TrainSME (LdV 2004) and the transfer project TTrainSME which is subject of this proposal: The available results will be matched with the needs detected in the new application countries. On the basis of this process specific components will be added, a wider range of languages will be available and an even better access to users will be provided. So the transfer of innovation is more than taking a successful and innovative product and method and putting it to another ‘place’ – it implies a detailed analysis of needs in the new application area, a substantial modification addressing these needs.