"This project aims to re-integrate a skilled researcher and strengthen the European research network in biomedical engineering.The optimal outcome is new treatment options for vertebral fractures in order to reduce the pain and improve the stability of the spine.Bone cements are frequently used to treat vertebral fractures, but may cause adjacent fractures due to their high stiffness.This is particularly an issue during their increasingly frequent application to osteoporotic fractures,where the surrounding bone is of poor quality.Furthermore,other diseases which affect the bone quality (on a focal or generalised level) indicate the need for different cement properties.This project aims to develop and evaluate pathology-specific bone cements.The first objective is to develop a target profile through imaging and mechanical testing of vertebrae.Secondly,cements of various properties will be developed and tested using standard protocols.Their spreading characteristics will also be evaluated using surrogate models.Finally,their efficiency will be assessed through in vitro testing on human vertebral bone.The researcher has a strong background in both bone cements and spinal research. She has successfully completed various research projects and been the lead author on international publications.The project will be implemented through a collaboration between the previous–University of Leeds-and the new-Uppsala University-host.Substantial advantages will be drawn by all parties through the synergy created between an expertise in biomaterials (Uppsala) and biomechanics (Leeds) and both hosts will benefit from a reciprocal knowledge transfer.Both institutions have a strong international reputation and excellent facilities which will assist in a timely completion of the project.It is expected that this opportunity will allow the researcher to build a strong research profile in the spinal biomedical field and ultimately become a competent European research leader of the future."