The main aim of the No Regret project was to study different aspects of water shortage and drought that are important to the North Sea Region. Four European countries have worked together to bring water shortage and its impact on land use on the political agenda. Achievements: The project succeeded in influencing policy-makers on regional and national level. For instance, the project arranged several 'high stakeholder' meetings in terms of providing information on the most recent results of climate research and shedding light on the need and possibilities for adapting the planning and management of aquifers in Denmark to the expected consequences of climate change. The meetings contributed to a common understanding of the new challenges with respect to climate change for water planning in the near future.The survey and mapping of potential drinking water resources in Vendsyssel, Denmark, has increased the background knowledge and has been an essential contribution to the implementation of the Water Framework Directive. After the re-organisation of the administrational structure in Denmark, the No Regret activities in Vendsyssel became part of the national water management plans. In that perspective the survey and mapping in Vendsyssel has been an additional output of the project.Based on the results of the No Regret project and the national drought study, the Province of Fryslân and the water authority have formulated a strategy for water shortages for the 2010 - 2015 period and incorporated that strategy in new water policy plans for that period. In Germany, a practical implementation and research project as follow-up is in consideration. A five year moratorium on the allowed amount of water abstraction is agreed upon by the water administration in order to gain time to find specific solutions and for political and public discussion about water shortage. The Ministry of Environment of Lower Saxony agreed on co-financing a more specific follow-up project in the identified intensive problem area.