This project aims to develop and collect novel science and technology indicators covering Europe, Japan and the United States. These indicators will be used in empirical models that can contribute to improve European, national and regional policies on the following four topics: 1) Economic use of patents, i.e. unused patents and strategic patents, licensing, entrepreneurship; 2) Science-industry linkages and innovation performance; 3) Gender, education and mobility of inventors, 4) Economic value of patents. The project will carry out the following four sets of activities aimed at the creation of new indicators. First, we will carry out a new survey data collection, PatVal-EU II, which will build on the previous PatVal-EU I survey of inventors. The new survey will interview inventors of about 30,000 EPO patents in 20 European countries and will ask questions about the inventors, the invention process, the motivations to patent, the use and the value of the patent, the links between science and patented inventions. Second, we will carry out two complementary survey data collections in US and JP, PatVal-JP and PatVal-US, by using the questionnaire developed for European inventors. Third, the project will develop indicators for industry-science links based on patent citations to science for all OECD countries, over time, across industries, by firms and by firms to universities and public research institutions. These indicators will be validated through the results of the PatVal-EU II survey. Fourth, we will build complementary indicators at the level of patents (citations, oppositions, etc.), inventors, companies, regions, sectors, that will be integrated with the survey data. The resulting integrated datasets will be used in empirical models and policy assessments on the four topics of this project. In particular, the project will develop adequate empirical methods that take simultaneously into account a variety of factors affecting the impact of policies.