Outstanding progress has been made in recent years in developing novel structures and applications for direct fabrication of 3D nanosurfaces. However, exploitation is limited by lack of suitable manufacturing technologies. In this project we will develop innovative in-line high throughput technologies based on atmospheric pressure surface and plasma technologies. The two identified approaches to direct 3D nanostructuring are etching for manufacturing of nanostructures tailored for specific applications, and coating. Major impact areas were selected, demonstrating different application fields. Impact Area 1 focuses on structures for solar cell surfaces. Nanostructured surfaces have the potential to improve efficiencies of cells by up to 25% (rel), having dramatic impact on commercial viability. Impact Area 2 focuses on biocidal surface structures. Increasing concerns about infections leading to the conclusion, that only multi-action approaches for control of infection transfer can be effective. We plan to combine such surfaces with 3D nanostructures, which will both immobilise and deactivate pathogenic organisms on surfaces. Impact Area 3 is the direct growth of aligned carbon nanotubes on electrode surfaces. The material is under investigation for use in high load capacitors which are seen as key components for energy storage systems, e.g. for Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Impact Area 4 focuses on tailored interfaces to achieve durable adhesion on polymer surfaces by 3D nanostructuring and coating. Target is to reduce energy consumption by introducing lightweight materials. The N2P partners have been chosen to ensure a strong capability to exploit and disseminate the outcomes. Involved end-user industries represent high market value segments: photovoltaics, aeronautics, automotive, steel. The consortium includes 7 technology leading SMEs and 4 multi-national industries, cooperating with 9 institutes for industrial research and a public body from 8 European countries.