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Background The archipelago of Mälaren is one of Sweden's most valuable regions for broadleaved woodlands, with oaks and the other old trees growing in a semi-open habitat. The region has a climate that is two-to-three vegetation zones more favourable than the surrounding area. This, together with less intensive forestry and agriculture, has resulted in ...

Intensification of the agricultural production is a major cause of eutrophication of the Baltic Sea, and is also a major cause of the declining biodiversity in the agricultural landscape. Economically effective and environmentally friendly farming methods are needed to reverse this trend. This is especially important in the Baltic countries where agricultural intensification will increase severely ...