Search for European Projects

27 European Projects Found

Searched on 125080 European Projects

 FINISHED 

Functional wiring of the core neural network of innate fear (COREFEAR)

Start date: Mar 1, 2014, End date: Feb 28, 2019,

Fear is an emotion that exerts powerful effects on our behavior and physiology. A large body of research implicates the amygdala in fear of painful stimuli, but virtually nothing is known about the circuits that support fear of predators and social threats, despite their primal importance in human behavior and pathology. Unlike painful stimuli, predator and social threats activate the medial hypot ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Dynamic architecture of the RNA polymerase I transcription initiation machinery (POL1PIC)

Start date: Feb 1, 2014, End date: Jan 31, 2019,

RNA polymerase (Pol) I and Pol III synthesize non-translated RNAs including rRNA, 5S RNA, and tRNAs for ribosome assembly and protein synthesis. Pol I and Pol III transcription initiation machineries are carefully regulated in healthy cells, while misregulation of Pol I and Pol III transcription is observed in a variety of cancers. We propose to study the structure and dynamics of the Pol I transc ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Atlas of Cell-Type Specific Nuclear Pore Complex Structures (NPCATLAS)

Start date: Feb 1, 2013, End date: Jan 31, 2018,

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is one of the most intricate components of eukaryotic cells and is assembled from ~30 Nucleoporins (Nups) in an unknown manner. Here I present an experimental result driven hypothesis, namely that the composition of the NPC varies across human cell types. As a consequence, the nucleocytoplasmic transport system might be fine-tuned to fulfill specific tasks in various ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Defining the Impact of Chromosome Instability in Tumor Initiation, Maintenance and Relapse (MADCIN)

Start date: Feb 1, 2012, End date: Jan 31, 2018,

Chromosomal instability (CIN), the inability to correctly segregate sister chromatids during mitosis, is a hallmark of cancer cells. Overexpression of the mitotic checkpoint protein Mad2, commonly found in human tumors, leads to CIN and the development of aneuploid tumors in mouse models. However, recent observations from various laboratories suggest that aneuploidy can promote or suppress tumorig ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Non-coding RNA pathways and the mammalian male germline (NCRNA)

Start date: Jan 1, 2013, End date: Dec 31, 2017,

The integrity of the genome transmitted to the next generation intrinsically relies on germline cells. Processes ensuring germ cell development, genomic stability and reproductive lifespan are essential for the long-term success of a species. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) support spermatogenesis throughout life, the identity of this mammalian adult stem cell population in vivo remains unknown. ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Early warning signals of ageing in human stem cells and age-related disorders (SYSTEMAGE)

Start date: Jan 1, 2013, End date: Dec 31, 2017,

The regenerative power of a living organism is linked to the potential of its stem cells to replace the corresponding damaged tissue. Therefore organisms are as old as their stem cells. Whereas the vulnerability to cancer and chronic inflammation is associated with a decline of the immune system, the latter is in turn a sum product of interactions among hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), endothelial ...
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 11

 FINISHED 

"Exploring the interface between cell metabolism and gene regulation: from mRNA interactomes to ""REM Networks""" (REM NETWORKS)

Start date: Apr 1, 2012, End date: Mar 31, 2017,

The question of how (intermediary) metabolism and the regulation of gene expression are inter-connected represents one of the central challenges for the next decade of research. This proposal aims to take a decisive stab at this question, exploiting hidden gems from the literature and modern day technologies.Some metabolic enzymes have been caught “moonlighting” as RNA-binding proteins and, intrig ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

A Neuron Type Atlas of the Annelid Brain: Development and Evolution of Chemosensory-Motor Circuits (BRAINEVODEVO)

Start date: Mar 1, 2012, End date: Feb 28, 2017,

Neural circuits, composed of interconnected neurons, represent the basic unit of the nervous system. One way to understand the highly complex arrangement of cross-talking, serial and parallel circuits is to resolve its developmental and evolutionary emergence. The rationale of the research proposal presented here is to elucidate the complex circuitry of the vertebrate and insect forebrain by compa ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Molecular Mechanisms Employed by the Newly Assigned RNA-binding Protein FASTKD2 (MOMEFAST)

Start date: Jan 1, 2015, End date: Dec 31, 2016,

Posttranscriptional gene regulation is an essential process exerted by a multitude of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and allows for rapid adaptation of the cellular proteome to environmental perturbations. Previously, only in a limited number of instructive cases, the RNA networks targeted by individual RBPs had been elucidated. The recent proteome-wide unbiased identification of RBPs yielded a compr ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Cancerbiome: Characterization of the cancer-associated microbiome (CANCERBIOME)

Start date: Jul 1, 2011, End date: Jun 30, 2016,

Deep environmental sequencing (metagenomics) will be used to characterize microbial communities associated with 3 different cancer types: cervical cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma and colorectal cancer. For all 3 types, non-invasive molecular diagnostics and prognostics are feasible via utilization of vaginal, oral and faecal samples, respectively. The project consequently aims to identify mic ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Structural basis of selective autophagy mediated by cargo receptors (AUTOCARGO)

Start date: Jun 1, 2014, End date: May 31, 2016,

Autophagy is a bulk cellular degradation pathway in which double-membrane vesicles engulfe large and long-lived cytoplasmic structures and target them to lysosomal compartments. Employing an integrated structural biology approach using single-particle cryo-EM and X-ray crystallography, this proposal aims to elucidate the structural details by which the autophagosomal recognition machinery identifi ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Modeling Breast Cancer in 3D Cell Culture Systems and Mice (3DBREASTCANCER)

Start date: Jan 1, 2012, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women in the western world. In the last two decades, major advances have been made in our understanding of breast cancer that have resulted in a decline in breast cancer mortality. To advance these improvements, research efforts need to be directed to a series of areas, including breast cancer genetics and identification of new targets for ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Decoding genetic switches in T helper cell differentiation (THSWITCH)

Start date: Jan 1, 2011, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

The central question of this proposal is: how are changes in cell state regulated at the transcriptomic and epigenetic level? I will tackle this question using an integrated computational and experimental approach with the T helper cell system as my model. The Th system consists of a naïve precursor cell type, and four main differentiated cell types that have some capacity to interconvert, known a ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

The impact of genotoxic stress on the mRNA-interactome and RNA-regulons (GTOXOME)

Start date: Jan 1, 2014, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

RNA-binding proteins (RBP) play critical roles in stress responses like DNA-damage through interactions with elements in functionally related RNAs, termed regulons. One of the most cytotoxic forms of DNA-damage are DNA double strand breaks (DSB), that can lead to mutagenic events and when improperly repaired to cell death. This proposed project focuses on the dynamics of the global RBP network (mR ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Dissecting the Role of Chromosome Instability in Cancer (CINCANCER)

Start date: Jan 1, 2012, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

Chromosomal instability (CIN), the inability to correctly segregate sister chromatids during mitosis, is a hallmark of cancer cells. Overexpression of the mitotic checkpoint protein Mad2, commonly found in human tumors, leads to CIN and the development of aneuploid tumors in mouse models. However, recent observations from various laboratories suggest that aneuploidy can promote or suppress tumorig ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

The establishment and function of dorsiventral boundaries in plant organs (MHDVPATTERNING)

Start date: Jan 1, 2011, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

The coordination of cellular behaviour that results in development involves the synchronization of many distinct patterning processes. A prime example of coordination at different levels is the process of lateral organ development. Firstly, a positioning system ensures that new organs initiate at the right locations. Secondly, gene expression must be patterned so as to define the different tissue ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Building data bridges between biological and medical infrastructures in Europe (BIOMEDBRIDGES)

Start date: Jan 1, 2012, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

The ESFRI infrastructures in Biological and BioMedical Sciences face substantial challenges in accessing and sharing data and resources. The BioMedBridges consortium brings together the six established ESFRI infrastructures with common goals to define, implement and deliver data interoperability across the biological and biomedical domains.The first objective is to ensure that interoperable stand ...
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 26

 FINISHED 

Protein-engineering based approach for super-resolution imaging of nucleoporin-chromatin interactions (NUPTAG)

Start date: Jan 1, 2014, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

Nucleoporins are major building blocks of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). In addition to their role in the nucleocytoplasmic transport, a subset of nucleoporins have additional gene regulatory roles. They can bind chromatin and chromatin modifiers, either directly at the NPC or in the nucleoplasm, leading to gene repression or activation. Due to a lack of techniques that allow mapping spatial and ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Developing an efficient e-infrastructure, standards and data-flow for metabolomics and its interface to biomedical and life science e-infrastructures in Europe and world-wide (COSMOS)

Start date: Oct 1, 2012, End date: Sep 30, 2015,

Metabolomics is an important phenotyping technique for molecular biology and medicine. It assesses the molecular state of an organism or collections of organisms through the comprehensive quantitative and qualitative analysis of all small molecules in cells, tissues, and body fluids. Metabolic processes are at the core of physiology. Consequently, metabolomics is ideally suited as a medical tool t ...
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 16

 FINISHED 

Trans-national Infrastructure for Plant Genomic Science (transPLANT)

Start date: Sep 1, 2011, End date: Aug 31, 2015,

Food and energy security are major challenges facing humanity in the coming decades. The falling costs of nucleotide sequencing are opening up significant opportunities for crop improvement through plant breeding and increased understanding of plant biology; in particular through interpreting the growing volume of plant genomics data in the context of phenotype. However, at present, there is no a ...
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 11

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Study of the involvement of secretory pathway in skeletal muscle differentiation (TRAFFIC IN SKM)

Start date: May 1, 2013, End date: Apr 30, 2015,

"Skeletal muscle (SKM) cell differentiation and remodeling require synthesis and transport of an enormous amount of proteins to build up its’ highly specialized structures, likely entailing an important involvement of the secretory pathway. The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of SKM cells is a specialized form of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), formed by a complex network of tubules and cisternae sharing ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Molecular signals for synaptic pruning by microglia (SYNSIGNAL)

Start date: May 1, 2013, End date: Apr 30, 2015,

"While emerging body of evidence implicates microglia in synaptic pruning and indicates the role of complement system in mediating phagocytosis of synaptic elements by surrounding microglia, no neuronal signals that label synapses according to their activity and maturity have been identified yet. Here we propose to develop an organotypic hippocampal slice culture system to investigate synaptic pru ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Structural characterization of TFIIIB and its involvement in RNA Pol III transcription (TF3B_P3)

Start date: Jan 1, 2013, End date: Dec 31, 2014,

"Gene transcription is a highly regulated process that allows cells to adapt during different stages of development and to changes in their environmental conditions. Specifically, RNA polymerase (Pol) III is responsible for the transcription of small, untranslated genes involved in fundamental cellular process such as mRNA processing (U6 snRNA) and translation (tRNAs). Recruitment of Pol III to it ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

A combined approach of cryo-electron tomography and protein tagging for elucidating the structural organization of the human Nuclear Pore Complex (NPCcryoET)

Start date: Dec 1, 2012, End date: Nov 30, 2014,

Nuclear Pore Complexes (NPCs) represent the exclusive passageway in and out of the nucleus but also function in gene regulation and nuclear organization. NPCs serve as docking sites for many viruses and were associated with several human diseases, e.g. leukemia. Understanding the nuclear transport mechanism will have a huge impact on human health research of such diseases. Multiple copies of ~30 d ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Multilingual Annotation of Named Entities and Terminology Resources Acquisition (MANTRA)

Start date: Jul 1, 2012, End date: Jun 30, 2014,

This project will provide multilingual terminologies and semantically annotated multilingual documents, e.g., patent texts, to improve the accessibility of scientific information from multilingual documents. The two SME partners will use these resources to improve the quality and functionality of their product offerings, viz. delivering multilingual search and text mining engines based on multilin ...
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 6

 FINISHED 

Euro-BioImaging - Research infrastructure for imaging technologies in biological and biomedical sciences (Euro-BioImaging)

Start date: Dec 1, 2010, End date: May 31, 2014,

Euro-BioImaging brings together imaging technologies stretching from basic biological imaging with advanced light microscopy, in vivo molecular imaging of single cells to animal models up to the clinical and epidemiological level of medical imaging of humans and populations. Euro-BioImaging, in close consultation with its stakeholders, will address the imaging requirements of both biological and m ...
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 44

 FINISHED 

STRUCTURAL BASIS OF SRNA-MEDIATED TRANSPOSITION REGULATION IN BACTERIA (HFQFOLD)

Start date: Mar 1, 2012, End date: Feb 28, 2014,

"In bacteria, DNA transposons play a key role in transferring antibiotic resistance, which poses a major threat to human health. I want to understand how this transfer can be controlled. One of the regulatory pathways applied in vivo uses specific small RNAs (sRNAs) controlling translation of the transposase mRNA. This is achieved using the general bacterial RNA regulatory machinery, and is mediat ...
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