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12 European Projects Found

Searched on 125080 European Projects

 FINISHED 

The interplay between innate immunity and RNA interference in mammals (RNAi vs IFN)

Start date: Mar 1, 2015, End date: Feb 28, 2017,

In antiviral RNAi, the DICER (DCR) enzyme processes virus-derived double-stranded (ds)RNA into siRNAs that guide ARGONAUTE proteins to silence complementary viral RNA. As a counter-defense, viruses deploy viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs). Well-established in plants and invertebrates, the existence of antiviral RNAi in mammals has remained unknown until our recent findings (from my first postdoctor ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Anatomy and dynamics of the human replisome (AnDyHRep)

Start date: Sep 1, 2014, End date: Aug 31, 2016,

Accurately copying its whole genome is perhaps the most important task of the cell. Mistakes in DNA replication can result in cell death or, potentially worse, in mutagenesis and genomic instability, which in turn can lead to uncontrolled proliferation, the basis of cancer. Elucidating the factors involved in DNA replication and understanding the mechanisms by which human cells guarantee the prec ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Epigenetics towards systems biology (EPIGENESYS)

Start date: Oct 1, 2010, End date: Mar 31, 2016,

The ‘EpiGeneSys’ Network of Excellence aims to enable European epigenetics research to enter the arena of systems biology, a new step forward with major implications for human health. Many diseases, not explained solely by gene mutation, have rather been associated with epigenetic disorders. Following the identification of key epigenetic regulators, a move towards a systems biology approach is nee ...
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 28

 FINISHED 

Role of nuclear architecture in cancer development (ACTINNUCLSHAPECANCER)

Start date: Apr 1, 2014, End date: Mar 31, 2016,

Nuclear shape is one of the gold standards for detection and characterization of cancers. Nonetheless the control of nuclear morphology and its relationship to malignant behaviors are still poorly understood. We propose to study the mechanisms that lead to nuclear dysmorphia and their consequence on nuclear functions such as genome integrity and migration. The first part of the research will start ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Asymmetrical B cell division: origin and functional significance (ASYMMETRY IN B CELLS)

Start date: Jan 1, 2014, End date: Dec 31, 2015,

B cell activation required for antibody production and the establishment of immunological memory is initiated by antigen recognition through the B cell receptor (BCR) and subsequent internalization of antigen for presentation to T cells. After activation, B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells. The mechanism involved in this B cell fate decision has been recently ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

European and South African HIV co-infection research consortium (ESAHIVCOINFRES)

Start date: Nov 1, 2011, End date: Oct 31, 2015,

The overall aim of the proposed staff exchange program is to establish a long lasting collaboration between South African and European research teams involved in HIV co-infection research. This effort ultimately should lead to new ways to improve the care/treatment for patients with HIV co-infections and to decrease the high mortality among persons with HIV infection in Africa.South Africa is the ...
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 5

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Single cell level intravital imaging of response, tolerance, and resistance to targeted therapies (ImageMelTherapyLRI)

Start date: Jul 1, 2013, End date: Jun 30, 2015,

Oncogenic signalling by kinases presents a significant opportunity for cancer therapy. The B-Raf selective inhibitor, Vemurafenib, has shown great effect against B-Raf mutant melanoma patients. However, drug resistance emerges in nearly every case. Various mechanisms underlying this resistance are described, however these approaches usually overlook the heterogeneity of the tumour microenvironment ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Defects in DNA strand break repair and links to inheritable disease (DNAREPAIR)

Start date: Jun 1, 2010, End date: May 31, 2015,

Our genetic material is continually subjected to damage, either from endogenous sources such as reactive oxygen species produced as by-products of oxidative metabolism, from the breakdown of replication forks during cell growth, or by agents in the environment such as ionising radiation or carcinogenic chemicals. To cope with DNA damage, cells employ elaborate and effective repair processes that s ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

In vitro reconstitution of the replication machinery on a chromatin template (DNA replication)

Start date: Jun 1, 2013, End date: May 31, 2015,

DNA replication, the process where the genetic material is duplicated, is one of the most important and basic processes a cell undertakes. It is essential that this process is tightly and carefully regulated as errors in DNA replication are catastrophic, resulting in diseases like cancer. The synthetic or S phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle is entirely devoted to genome duplication by orchestrati ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

The Initiation of Eukaryotic DNA Replication: Mechanism, Regulation and Role in Genome Stability (EUKDNAREP)

Start date: May 1, 2010, End date: Apr 30, 2015,

In each cell cycle, eukaryotic cells must faithfully replicate large genomes in a relatively short time. This is accomplished by initiating DNA replication from many replication origins distributed along chromosomes. Ensuring that each origin is efficiently activated once and only once per cell cycle is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the genome. Recent evidence indicates that defects in ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

The dendritic cell receptor DNGR-1: Modulation of endosomal dynamics upon recognition of necrotic cells (DNGR-1 in DCs)

Start date: May 1, 2013, End date: Apr 30, 2015,

Dendritic cells (DCs) play an essential function in initiating adaptive immunity. Key to DC function are receptors for recognizing and capturing pathogens and damaged cells and for controlling subsequent antigen extraction, processing and presentation. DNGR-1 (also known as CLEC9A) is a DC-restricted C-type lectin receptor (CLR) that recognizes the actin cytoskeleton exposed on necrotic cells. DNG ...
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 2

 FINISHED 

Mechanism of Holliday junction dissolution by the Bloom’s Syndrome complex (BLMCOMPLEX)

Start date: May 1, 2013, End date: Apr 30, 2015,

Our genetic material is continually subjected to damage and efficient repair is needed for cancer avoidance. DNA double-strand breaks are cytotoxic and are repaired either by Non Homologous End-Joining or Homologous Recombination (HR). HR provides an important function in DNA repair, where it serves the dual purpose of mending broken chromosomes and recovering sequence information that might be l ...
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 2