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Background While Europe is considered to have adequate water resources, water scarcity and drought is an increasingly frequent and widespread phenomenon in the EU. According to recent estimates at least 11% of Europe's population and 17% of its territory had been affected by water scarcity by 2007. This puts the cost of droughts in Europe over the past 30 ...

Background More than 500 million people in Europe generate around 27 billion m³ of municipal wastewater each year. Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) consume large amounts of energy. For example, WWTPs in Germany use around 4400 GWh/year, the equivalent to roughly 1% of the country’s total net electricity consumption per year. Currently, mo ...